[2001]A DC–DC charge pump design based on voltage doublers

A novel organization of switched capacitor charge
pump circuits based on voltage doubler structures is presented in
this paper. Each voltage doubler takes a dc input and outputs a
doubled dc voltage. By cascading voltage doublers the output
voltage increases up to 2 times. A two-phase voltage doubler and
a multiphase voltage doubler (MPVD) structures are discussed
and design considerations are presented. A simulator working in
the – realm was used for simplified circuit level simulation.
In order to evaluate the power delivered by a charge pump, a
resistive load is attached to the output of the charge pump and an
equivalent capacitance is evaluated. A comparison of the voltage
doubler circuits with Dickson charge pump and Makowski’s
voltage multiplier is presented in terms of the area requirements,
the voltage gain, and the power level. This paper also identifies
optimum loading conditions for different configurations of the
charge pumps. Design guidelines for the desired voltage and
power levels are discussed. A two-stage MPVD was fabricated
using MOSIS 2.0- m CMOS technology. It was designed with
internal frequency regulation to reduce power consumption under
no load condition.
350 IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON CIRCUITS AND SYSTEMS―I: FUNDAMENTAL THEORY AND APPLICATIONS, VOL. 48, NO. 3, MARCH 2001




A DC